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Aims To describe three aspects of the epidemiology of alcohol‐attributable deaths in Europe, dose, demography and place, and to illustrate how such knowledge can better be used to inform alcohol policy formulation and implementation.
Design epidemiological and population health modeling.
Setting Europe.
Participants Based on country‐specific aggregate statistics.
Measurements Exposure: country‐specific...
Introduction The importance of building and strengthening effective infrastructures within the field of public health has increasingly been recognized. A wide variety of actors and structures can be identified for alcohol policy, including systems for policy development, monitoring, research and work‐force development, but too little is known about the complex systems of infrastructure available...
Aims Reducing alcohol‐related harm in young people is a major priority across Europe. Much alcohol use and associated harm in young people occurs in public drinking environments. This review aims to identity environmental factors in drinking establishements that are associated with increased alcohol consumption and associated harm and to understand the extent of study in this area across Europe....
Aims To describe the extent to which the content of the European Commission's Communication on alcohol reflects public health‐based scientific evidence.
Design Document retrieval and content analysis.
Setting European Union.
Participants Background documents leading up to the European Commission's Communication on alcohol, the Communication itself and implementation actions following the Communication...
Aims Alcohol is a major risk factor for burden of disease and injury in Europe, and contributes markedly to between region differences in life expectancy. Monitoring and surveillance systems have shown to be a key factor in implementing effective policies. The aim of this paper is to propose a system of indicators for alcohol consumption and attributable harm which can be used as an over‐time monitoring...
Aims Some European countries with high levels of unrecorded alcohol consumption have anomalously high rates of death attributable to liver cirrhosis. Hepatotoxic compounds in illegally produced spirits may be partly responsible. Based on a review of the evidence on the chemical composition and potential harm from unrecorded alcohol, the Alcohol Measures for Public Health Research Alliance (AMPHORA)...
Aims To consider, briefly, science's role in informing alcohol policy, and how science could help reframe the present governance of alcohol policy.
Design Expression of the two project coordinators’ reflections based on discussions during project meetings of the Alcohol Measures for Public Health Research Alliance (AMPHORA) project.
Results Three endeavours are considered important for science's...
The AMPHORA Project is a 4 years project funded by the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission which aims to contribute with new evidence on scarcely explored or unexplored areas of alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related harm in Europe. In this introductory article we describe the background of the Project and its main features. The research areas covered by AMPHORA are wide and diverse...
Aims A literature review of existing research on the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and availability of alcohol interventions in Europe was conducted. The review also explored what is known about the gap between need and provision of alcohol interventions in Europe.
Methods The review search strategy included: (i) descriptive studies of alcohol intervention systems in Europe; (ii) studies...
Aims To examine differences in alcohol‐related mortality risk between areas, while adjusting for the characteristics of the individuals living within these areas.
Design A 5‐year longitudinal study of individual and area characteristics of those dying and not dying from alcohol‐related deaths.
Setting The Northern Ireland Mortality study.
Participants A total of 720 627 people aged 25–74, enumerated...
Aims This study of participants in a US drug treatment court describes the relationship between the imposition of short‐term jail sanctions and substance abuse treatment dropout, and examines offender characteristics moderating or modifying the impact of jail sanctions on treatment dropout.
Methods Data were derived from administrative information collected by the Dane County Wisconsin Drug Treatment...
Aim Swedish studies have shown that experience of using snus is associated with an increased probability of being a former smoker. We examined whether this result is also found in Norway.
Design Seven cross‐sectional data sets collected during the period 2003–08.
Setting Norway.
Participants A total of 10 441 ever (current or former) smokers
Measurements Quit ratios for smoking were compared...
Aims One‐eighth of young adults in the United States report that their biological father has ever been incarcerated (FEI). This study is the first to examine associations between FEI and trajectories of substance use during the transition from adolescence into young adulthood for the US population.
Design Using multi‐level modeling techniques, trajectories of marijuana and other illegal drug use...
Aim To illustrate ways in which industry control over the gambling market and its regulatory system have enabled rapid proliferation in gambling consumption and harm.
Method To discuss the relationship between government regulation and the accessibility, marketing and technologies of electronic gambling machines in Australia and New Zealand.
Findings The regulatory framework for gambling in both...
Aims Young adulthood represents a period of continued smoking progression and the establishment of regular and long‐term smoking practices. Our understanding of the psychological processes that facilitate and solidify regular smoking patterns in this developmental period is limited. We sought to evaluate the role of depression symptoms in young adult smoking uptake and to evaluate whether non‐smoking...
Aims To examine whether a multi‐faceted intervention among older at‐risk drinking primary care patients reduced at‐risk drinking and alcohol consumption at 3 and 12 months.
Design Randomized controlled trial.
Setting Three primary care sites in southern California.
Participants Six hundred and thirty‐one adults aged ≥ 55 years who were at‐risk drinkers identified by the Comorbidity Alcohol Risk...
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